.
Roles of the nucleus in leukocyte migration.
Journal of Leukocyte Biology,
2022 Oct;
112(4):771-783.
Figure 2. The LINC complexes connect the cytoskeleton to the nuclear lamina and chromatin in somatic cells. The LINC complexes are composed of nesprins on the ONM and SUN proteins on the INM. The cytoplasmic domains of nesprins interact with the cytoskeleton. The giant isoforms of nesprin-1 and -2 contain actin binding domains and interact with actin filaments. Such an interaction is regulated by emerin through its interaction with myosin II and is strengthened by fascin and formin proteins FHOD1 and FHOD3. Nesprin-1α interacts with AKAP6 and AKAP9 to facilitate microtubule nucleation. Both the long and short isoforms of nesprin-1 and −2 contain a kinesin-1- and dynein-binding region and associate with microtubules through the motors. Nesprin-4, which may not be expressed in leukocytes, can also bind to kinesin-1. Nesprin-3 binds to plectin (and the related BPAG1 and MCAF), which can interact with both microtubules and intermediate filaments. In the perinuclear space, trimeric SUN proteins bind to nesprins and torsin A. In the nucleoplasm, SUN proteins bind to lamins for anchorage and interact with Samp1 and emerin. Many of these proteins, like lamin A, lamins B (through LBR), SUN proteins (through an unknown adaptor), and LEM domain proteins (Man1, LAP2, emerin, and LEMD2, through BAF and HDAC3) directly or indirectly bind to chromatin.
The nuclear envelope, with lables (2560 × 1320 px).
The nuclear envelope, without lables (2560 × 1320 px).
